Which action is fundamentally involved in information security according to the DoD guidelines?

Implementing access controls is fundamentally involved in information security according to the Department of Defense guidelines because it establishes the necessary framework for maintaining the confidentiality, integrity, and availability of sensitive information. Access controls determine who is authorized to access certain data and systems, thereby preventing unauthorized access and potential insider threats. This practice ensures that only individuals with the necessary clearances and need-to-know basis are granted access to specific information, which is a cornerstone of protecting sensitive government data.

Access controls encompass a range of mechanisms, including user authentication processes, role-based access, and permissions management, all of which work to mitigate the risks associated with both external and insider threats. By carefully defining how information can be accessed, organizations significantly reduce their vulnerability to data breaches and other security incidents, aligning with the DoD's overarching objective of safeguarding national security information.